Reasons for Failure of the Constitutions of 1956 and 1962
Chapter 3: Constitution of Pakistan
SLO Content
The Constitutions of 1956 and 1962 failed due to political instability, weak democratic institutions and conflicts between political leaders and state institutions. The 1956 Constitution ended after the imposition of martial law in 1958, while the 1962 Constitution failed due to increasing political opposition and was abolished after Ayub Khan's resignation in 1969.
Reasons for Failure of 1956 and 1962 Constitutions
Point 1
Political Instability
Frequent changes in governments, leadership crises and conflicts among political groups weakened the implementation of both constitutions. Political instability prevented democratic institutions from becoming strong.
Point 2
Military Intervention
The 1956 Constitution was dissolved when General Ayub Khan imposed martial law in 1958. Military control replaced the constitutional system and ended parliamentary democracy.
Point 3
Concentration of Power in Presidency
The 1962 Constitution gave extensive powers to the President. This weakened democratic participation and created dissatisfaction among political leaders and the public.
Point 4
Public Opposition and Lack of Consensus
Both constitutions faced opposition because they failed to satisfy all political groups. Differences between provinces and demands for greater representation contributed to their failure.
Activity
Identify the Reasons for Failure
Select the correct reason related to the failure of the Constitutions of 1956 and 1962.
1. The 1956 Constitution was abolished because of:
2. Which factor weakened both constitutions?
3. The 1962 Constitution faced opposition mainly because:
4. Both constitutions failed due to lack of:
Concept-Based MCQ
What was the main reason for the failure of the 1956 Constitution?
Answer Key
Correct Answer: The 1956 Constitution failed because of political instability and military intervention. It was dissolved when General Ayub Khan imposed martial law in 1958, ending the constitutional system.
Constructed Response Question (CRQ)
4 Marks Question
Evaluate the reasons for the failure of the Constitutions of 1956 and 1962.